Behavior Modification - ppt download

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Outline : Introduction Definition Purpose Behavior modification theory Techniques of behavior modification Steps of behavior modification
Steps of behavior modification.
Identify the techniques which used in behavior modification. Clarifies Steps of behavior modification.
Tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy eating are leading contributors to preventable premature death and ill health in high-income countries (AIHW, 2014; Department of Health, 2014; Johnson, Hayes, Brown, Hoo, & Ethier, 2014)
Definition: is a treatment approach based on the principles of operant conditioning , that replaces undesirable behaviors with more desirable ones through positive or negative reinforcement.
Reducing Health Care Costs.
Minimal behavior change can significantly reduce the costs of health care in retirement and potentially allow employees to save more towards retirement, a study finds. Rising health care costs are projected to be the most burdensome expenses in retirement, but minimal behavioral change can significantly lower the price tag. These conclusions are from (Health View Services’) 2017 Retirement Health Care Costs Data Report, which draws from 70 million health care cases as well as actuarial, government and economic data.
The firm notes that if the same individual invests that sum into a fund that earns a 6% return, that person would have more than $120,000 by age 65 or an extra $14,000 per year (assuming the person lives to the actuarial projected age of 80)..
Pavlov said the dogs were demonstrating classical conditioning. He summed it up like this: there s a conditioned stimulus (the bell), which by itself will not produce a response, like salivation. There s also an unconditioned stimulus (the food), which will produce an unconditioned response (salivation). But if you present the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus together, eventually the dog will learn to associate the two. After a while, the conditioned stimulus by itself will produce the same response as the unconditioned stimulus, like the dogs drooling when they heard the bell. This is called a conditioned response. *Think of an unconditioned response as completely natural and a conditioned response as something that we learn.
Techniques of behavior modification
giving something that will reinforce the behaviour and motivate to repeat the behaviour. positive reinforcement is usually very effective. Examples of positive reinforcement include a reward system.
is removing an aversive stimulus to enhance a behavior. Negative reinforcement it is less likely to be as effective as positive reinforcement.
Positive punishment is adding an aversive stimulus to deter a behavior.
is removing a pleasant stimulus to deter a behavior.
Precontemplation: In this stage individuals are not aware they have a problem and are actively engaging in risky behaviors such as excessive smoking, physical inactivity, use of drugs. Contemplation: In this stage the thought may occur to an individual that they actually have a problem.
Determination/Preparation for Action: In this stage the individual acknowledges and accepts the fact that their behavior is problematic and are considering what to do. Action: In this stage the individual takes action. Action can take various forms including calling the treatment agency, making a doctor’s appointment, going for counseling. Maintenance: During this stage an individual has successfully changed their behavior and is reaping the rewards.
Reinforcement increases a desired behavior while punishment decreases an undesired behavior. Ignore the unwanted behaviors but intervene when necessary.