Endocrines, Free Full-Text
4.6 (182) In stock
This review aims at defining the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying the sport-induced restrictions of the reproductive axis in female athletes. Episodic gonadotropin release was found to be compromised, presumably a result of impaired hypothalamic pulsatile GnRH release. Any deviation from optimal gonadotropin release may result in a suboptimal function of the ovaries, leading to disorders of the menstrual cycle and ovulation. A whole spectrum of menstrual dysfunctions ranging from ovulatory eumenorrhea to luteal phase defects and amenorrhea has been reported in sportive women. As essential neuroendocrine factors underlying these observations, activation of the adrenal axis and altered central nervous neurotransmitter activity have been identified to transfer metabolic, nutritional, and stress signals into the hypothalamic GnRH release. The degree by which the neuroendocrine axis governing reproduction is impaired critically depends on the intensity and duration of exercise and the state of training. Other decisive factors may be energy expenditure and availability, nutritional components, and the maturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis when sport activity was initiated. In conclusion, the gradual cessation of reproductive function observed in female athletes may be interpreted as an adaptive mechanism in response to physical and psychological endurance during sport. This sport-induced restriction of reproductive capacity may serve as protection (endogenous contraception) to preserve a woman’s health.
The Endocrine System, Overview, Animation
The nervous and endocrine systems review (article)
Consensus on the key characteristics of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as a basis for hazard identification
Endocrine System: Its Parts & Functions For Kids To Know
Endocrine system - List Of Endocrine Glands & Functions
Hormones & Endocrine Disorders
Hormones and the Endocrine System: Textbook of Endocrinology
Chapter 9 Endocrine System - Nursing Pharmacology - NCBI Bookshelf
7+ Free Endocrine & Thyroid Images - Pixabay
Understanding Your Menstrual Cycle and Phases
Myo-Folate Drinkable Fertility Supplement for Women
Women Ovulation Cycle Log Book: Pregnancy Progress Tracking
Cycles and the Change: Fertility After 35 - Natural Womanhood
- Super extra warm seamless 65cm ankle-length leggings
- Rosa Scallop Sports Bra - Miami … curated on LTK
- Stylish and Comfy Airport Outfit for Plus Size Women
- Your Comprehensive Guide to Childbirth Classes
- O Scale Miniature Long Branch Saloon Gunsmoke Dodge City Marshal Matt Dillon, 1:43 Scale Miniature American Old West
- Generic Electric Heat Knee Massager Relieve Arthritis Pain Knee